Swallowing kinematic analysis (SKA) is considered one of the most important methods for the quantitative evaluation of swallowing. Identifying the dynamic features of swallowing and the main mechanism of aspiration is essential in establishing strategies to enhance recovery from swallowing impairment. It has been gradually recognized as a serious problem in the society in accordance with the aging trend in recent years. Swallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases and accounts for over 15% of cases in the elderly population.
COORDINATE SYSTEM STAMP SOFTWARE
The software is expected to be useful for researchers who are interested in the swallowing motion analysis. STAMPS provides precise and reliable kinematic measurements and multiple practical functionalities for spatiotemporal analysis. The Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the measurements and the reference values. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the measured and instrumental reference values were nearly 1.00 (P < 0.001) for displacement and velocity. The intra- and inter-rater reliability tests showed excellent agreement for displacement and moderate to excellent agreement for velocity. Testing for validity and reliability was performed in 10 dysphagia patients with diverse etiologies and using the instrumental swallowing model which was designed to mimic the motion of the hyoid bone and the epiglottis. Numerous functions are available for the spatiotemporal parameters of the swallowing structures. The target of swallowing structures includes bony structures (hyoid bone, mandible, maxilla, and cervical vertebral bodies), cartilages (epiglottis and arytenoid), soft tissues (larynx and upper esophageal sphincter), and food bolus. This software was constructed to acquire, process, and analyze the data of swallowing motion. STAMPS was developed in MATLAB, which is one of the most popular platforms for biomedical analysis. This study aims to develop a novel swallowing kinematic analysis software, called spatio-temporal analyzer for motion and physiologic study (STAMPS), and verify its validity and reliability. Swallowing kinematic analysis is essential to quantitatively evaluate the swallowing motion of the oropharyngeal structures. Swallowing impairment is a common complication in various geriatric and neurodegenerative diseases.
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